Chapter 24

> 来源: Think Python 2e (Allen B. Downey)

> 原页: https://greenteapress.com/thinkpython/html/thinkpython024.html

[插图缺失：thinkpython023.html]

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Index

Ackermann function, 6.11, 11.5

Archimedian spiral, 4.12

AttributeError, 15.7, A.2.3

Austin, Jane, 13.3

abecedarian, 8.3, 9.2

abs function, 6.1

absolute path, 14.4, 14.11

access, 10.2

accumulator, 10.14
- histogram, 13.3
- list, 10.7
- string, 18.5
- sum, 10.7

add method, 17.7

addition with carrying, 7.6

algorithm, 1.2, 1.7, 7.6, 13.7, B
- MD5, 14.8
- RSA, 11.7
- square root, 7.9

aliasing, 10.10, 10.11, 10.14, 15.2, 15.6, 17.13
- copying to avoid, 10.13

alphabet, 4.12

alternative execution, 5.5

ambiguity, 1.4

anagram, 10.15

anagram set, 12.11, 14.7

analysis of algorithms, B

analysis of primitives, B.2

and operator, 5.3

anydbm module, 14.6

append method, 10.6, 10.12, 10.15, 18.4, 18.6

arc function, 4.3

argument, 3.1, 3.5, 3.8, 3.8, 3.15, 10.12
- gather, 12.4
- keyword, 4.5, 4.11, 12.7, 19.2
- list, 10.12
- optional, 8.8, 10.9, 11.3
- variable-length tuple, 12.4

argument scatter, 12.4

arithmetic operator, 2.4

assert statement, 16.5

assignment, 2.11, 7.1, 10.1
- augmented, 10.7, 10.14
- item, 8.5, 10.2, 12.1
- multiple, 7.8, 11.6
- tuple, 12.2, 12.3, 12.5, 12.10

assignment statement, 2.2

asymptotic analysis, B

attribute, 17.11
- __dict__, 17.10
- class, 18.2, 18.11
- initializing, 17.10
- instance, 15.2, 15.8, 18.2, 18.11

augmented assignment, 10.7, 10.14

available colors, 15.9, 17.13

average case, B

average cost, B.4

Bangladesh, national flag, 15.9

BetterMap, B.4

Button widget, 19.2

badness, B.1

base case, 5.9, 5.13, C.2

benchmarking, 13.9, 13.11

big, hairy expression, A.3.2

big-oh notation, B.1

binary search, 10.15

binding, 19.8, 19.10

bingo, 12.11

birthday, 16.7

birthday paradox, 10.15

bisect module, B.3

bisect module, 10.15, B.3

bisection search, B.3

bisection search, 10.15

bisection, debugging by, 7.7

bitwise operator, 2.4

body, 3.5, 3.15, 7.3

bool type, 5.2

boolean expression, 5.2, 5.13

boolean function, 6.4, 16.1

boolean operator, 8.9

borrowing, subtraction with, 7.6, 16.4

bound method, 19.6, 19.10

bounded, B.4

bounding box, 15.9, 19.4, 19.10

bracket
- squiggly, 11

bracket operator, 8.1, 10.2, 12.1

branch, 5.5, 5.13

break statement, 7.4

bubble sort, B

bug, 1.3, 1.3, 1.7
- worst, 17.13
- worst ever, 19.11

Callable object, 19.7

Canvas coordinate, 19.3, 19.8

Canvas item, 19.3

Canvas object, 15.9

Canvas widget, 19.3

Car Talk, 9.7, 9.7, 9.7, 11.10, 12.11

Card class, 18.1, C.5

Collatz conjecture, 7.3

Creative Commons, 0

Czech Republic, national flag, 15.9

calculator, 1.8, 2.12

call graph, 11.5, 11.9

callback, 19.2, 19.6, 19.7, 19.8, 19.9, 19.10

card, playing, 18

carrying, addition with, 7.6, 16.2, 16.4

case-sensitivity, variable names, 2.10

catch, 14.11

chained conditional, 5.6, 5.13

character, 8.1

checksum, 14.8, 14.8

child class, 18.7, 18.11

choice function, 13.2

circle function, 4.3

circular definition, 6.5

class, 15.1, 15.8
- Card, 18.1
- child, 18.7, 18.11
- Deck, 18.4
- Hand, 18.7
- Kangaroo, 17.13
- Point, 15.1, 17.5, C.3
- parent, 18.7
- Rectangle, 15.3, C.3
- SimpleTurtleWorld, 19.6
- Time, 16.1

class attribute, 18.2, 18.11

class definition, 15.1

class diagram, 18.8, 18.11, C, C.5, C.5

class object, 15.1, 15.8, C.4

close method, 14.2, 14.6, 14.8

cmp function, 18.3

__cmp__ method, 18.3

colon, 3.5, A.1

color list, 15.9, 17.13

comment, 2.9, 2.11

commutativity, 2.8, 17.8

compare function, 6.1

comparing algorithms, B

comparison
- string, 8.10
- tuple, 12.7, 18.3

comparison sort, B.2

compile, 1.1, 1.7

composition, 3.4, 3.8, 3.15, 6.3, 18.4

compound statement, 5.4, 5.13

concatenation, 2.8, 2.11, 3.9, 8.3, 8.5, 10.9
- list, 10.4, 10.12, 10.15

condition, 5.4, 5.13, 7.3, A.2.2

conditional, A.1
- chained, 5.6, 5.13
- nested, 5.7, 5.13

conditional execution, 5.4

conditional statement, 5.4, 5.13, 6.4

config method, 19.3

consistency check, 11.8, 16.4

constant time, B.4

constructor, C.4

contributors, 0

conversion
- type, 3.2

coordinate
- Canvas, 19.3, 19.8
- pixel, 19.8

coordinate sequence, 19.4

copy, C.3
- deep, 15.6
- shallow, 15.6
- slice, 8.4, 10.5
- to avoid aliasing, 10.13

copy module, 15.6

copying objects, 15.6

count method, 8.8

counter, 8.7, 8.12, 11.1, 11.6

counting and looping, 8.7

crossover point, B.1

crosswords, 9.1

cummings, e. e., 1.3.1

cumulative sum, 10.7

Deck class, 18.4, C.5

Dijkstra, Edsger, 9.5

Double Day, 16.7

Doyle, Arthur Conan, 1.3.4

DSU pattern, 12.7, 12.10, 13.4

data encapsulation, 18.10

data structure, 12.9, 12.10, 13.9

database, 14.6, 14.11

datetime module, 16.7

dead code, 6.1, 6.10, A.2.4

debugger (pdb), A.2.3

debugging, 1.3, 1.3, 1.6, 1.7, 2.10, 3.14, 4.10, 5.12, 6.9, 8.11, 9.5, 10.13, 11.8, 12.9, 13.10, 14.10, 15.7, 16.5, 17.10, 18.9, 19.9, A
- by bisection, 7.7
- emotional response, 1.6, A.3.4
- experimental, 1.3.4
- superstition, A.3.4

deck, playing cards, 18.4

declaration, 11.6, 11.9

decorate-sort-undecorate pattern, 12.7

decrement, 7.2, 7.8

deep copy, 15.6, 15.8

deepcopy function, 15.6

def keyword, 3.5

default value, 13.5, 13.11, 17.5
- avoiding mutable, 17.13

definition
- circular, 6.5
- class, 15.1
- function, 3.5
- recursive, 12.11

del operator, 10.8

deletion, element of list, 10.8

delimiter, 10.9, 10.14

deterministic, 13.2, 13.11

development plan, 4.11, 18.10
- encapsulation and generalization, 4.8
- incremental, 6.2, A.1
- planned, 16.4
- problem recognition, 9.3, 9.4
- prototype and patch, 16.2, 16.4
- random walk programming, 13.10, A.3.4

diagram
- call graph, 11.9
- class, 18.8, 18.11, C, C.5, C.5
- object, 15.2, 15.3, 15.6, 15.8, 16.1, 18.2, C, C.3
- stack, 3.10, 10.12, C, C.2
- state, 2.2, 7.1, 8.11, 10.2, 10.10, 10.11, 11.4, 12.6, 15.2, 15.3, 15.6, 16.1, 18.2, C, C.1

__dict__ attribute, 17.10

dict function, 11

dictionary, 11, 11, 11.9, 12.6, A.2.3, C.3
- initialize, 12.6
- invert, 11.4
- lookup, 11.3
- looping with, 11.2
- reverse lookup, 11.3
- subtraction, 13.6
- traversal, 12.6, 17.10

dictionary methods, B.2
- anydbm module, 14.6

diff, 14.8

directory, 14.4, 14.11
- walk, 14.4
- working, 14.4

dispatch
- type-based, 17.9

dispatch, type-based, 17.8

divisibility, 5.1

division
- floating-point, 2.4
- floor, 2.4, 5.12

divmod, 12.3, 16.4

docstring, 4.9, 4.11, 15.1

documentation, 1.8

dot notation, 3.3, 3.13, 3.15, 8.8, 15.2, 17.2, 18.2

double letters, 9.7

drag-and-drop, 19.8

duplicate, 10.15, 10.15, 11.10, 14.8

Einstein, Albert, 4.6

Elkner, Jeff, 0, 0

Entry widget, 19.5

Event object, 19.8

element, 10.1, 10.14

element deletion, 10.8

elif keyword, 5.6

ellipses, 3.5

else keyword, 5.5

email address, 12.2

embedded object, 15.3, 15.8, 17.13
- copying, 15.6

emotional debugging, 1.6, A.3.4

empty list, 10.1

empty string, 8.12, 10.9

encapsulation, 4.4, 4.11, 6.3, 7.5, 8.7, 18.7
- data, 18.10

encode, 18.1, 18.11

encrypt, 18.1

encryption, 11.7

end of line character, 14.10

enumerate function, 12.5

epsilon, 7.5

equality and assignment, 7.1

equivalence, 10.10

equivalent, 10.14

error
- compile-time, A
- runtime, 1.3.2, 2.10, 5.10, 5.12, A
- semantic, 1.3.3, 2.1, 2.10, 8.11, A, A.3
- shape, 12.9
- syntax, 1.3.1, 2.10, A

error checking, 6.8

error message, 1.3.1, 1.3.3, 1.6, 2.1, 2.10, A.1

eval function, 7.9

evaluate, 2.5

event, 19.10

event handler, 19.8

event loop, 19.1, 19.10

event string, 19.8

event-driven programming, 19.2, 19.9, 19.10

exception, 1.3.2, 1.7, 2.10, A, A.2.3
- AttributeError, 15.7, A.2.3
- IndexError, 8.2, 8.11, 10.2, A.2.3
- IOError, 14.5
- KeyError, 11, A.2.3
- NameError, 3.9, A.2.3
- OverflowError, 5.12
- RuntimeError, 5.10
- SyntaxError, 3.4
- TypeError, 8.1, 8.5, 11.4, 12.1, 12.4, 14.3, 17.3, A.2.3
- UnboundLocalError, 11.6
- ValueError, 5.11, 11.3, 12.2

exception, catching, 14.5

executable, 1.1, 1.7

exercise, secret, 14.12

exists function, 14.4

experimental debugging, 1.3.4, 13.10

exponent, B.1

exponential growth, B.1

expression, 2.4, 2.5, 2.11
- big and hairy, A.3.2
- boolean, 5.2, 5.13

extend method, 10.6

False special value, 5.2

Fermat’s Last Theorem, 5.14

Frame widget, 19.6

Free Documentation License, GNU, 0, 0

factorial function, 6.5, 6.8

fibonacci function, 6.7, 11.5

file, 14.1
- permission, 14.5
- reading and writing, 14.2

file object, 9.1, 9.6

filename, 14.4

filter pattern, 10.7, 10.14

find function, 8.6

flag, 11.6, 11.9

float function, 3.2

float type, 2.1

floating-point, 2.11, 7.5

floating-point division, 2.4

floor division, 2.4, 2.11, 5.12

flow of execution, 3.7, 3.15, 6.7, 6.9, 7.3, 18.9, 19.9, A.2.2

flower, 4.12

folder, 14.4

for loop, 4.2, 8.3, 10.3, 12.5

formal language, 1.4, 1.7

format operator, 14.3, 14.11, A.2.3

format sequence, 14.3, 14.11

format string, 14.3, 14.11

frame, 3.10, 3.15, 5.9, 6.5, 11.5, C.2

frequency, 11.1
- letter, 12.11
- word, 13.1, 13.12

fruitful function, 3.11, 3.15

frustration, A.3.4

function, 1.5, 3.5, 3.15, 17.1
- abs, 6.1
- ack, 6.11, 11.5
- arc, 4.3
- choice, 13.2
- circle, 4.3
- cmp, 18.3
- compare, 6.1
- deepcopy, 15.6
- dict, 11
- enumerate, 12.5
- eval, 7.9
- exists, 14.4
- factorial, 6.5
- fibonacci, 6.7, 11.5
- find, 8.6
- float, 3.2
- getattr, 17.10
- getcwd, 14.4
- hasattr, 15.7, 17.10
- int, 3.2
- isinstance, 6.8, 17.8
- len, 3.16, 8.2, 11
- list, 10.9
- log, 3.3
- max, 12.3, 12.4
- min, 12.3, 12.4
- open, 9.1, 9.1, 14.2, 14.5, 14.6
- polygon, 4.3
- popen, 14.8
- randint, 10.15, 13.2
- random, 12.7, 13.2
- raw_input, 5.11
- recursive, 5.8
- reload, 14.9, A.1.1
- repr, 14.10
- reversed, 12.8
- shuffle, 18.6
- sorted, 12.8
- sqrt, 3.3, 6.2
- str, 3.2
- sum, 12.4
- tuple, 12.1
- type, 15.7
- zip, 12.5

function argument, 3.8

function call, 3.1, 3.15

function composition, 6.3

function definition, 3.5, 3.6, 3.15, 3.15

function frame, 3.10, 3.15, 5.9, 6.5, 11.5, C.2

function object, 3.5, 3.16, C.4

function parameter, 3.8

function syntax, 17.2

function type
- modifier, 16.3
- pure, 16.2

function, fruitful, 3.11

function, math, 3.3

function, reasons for, 3.12

function, trigonometric, 3.3

function, tuple as return value, 12.3

function, void, 3.11

functional programming style, 16.3, 16.6

GCD (greatest common divisor), 6.11

GNU Free Documentation License, 0, 0

GUI, 19.1, 19.10

Gui module, 19.1

gamma function, 6.8

gather, 12.4, 12.10

generalization, 4.5, 4.11, 9.3, 16.4

geometric resizing, B.4

geometry manager, 19.6, 19.10

get method, 11.1

getattr function, 17.10

getcwd function, 14.4

global statement, 11.6

global variable, 11.6, 11.9, C.1
- update, 11.6

graphical user interface, 19.1

greatest common divisor (GCD), 6.11

grid, 3.16

guardian pattern, 6.8, 6.10, 8.11

HAS-A relationship, 18.8, 18.11, C.5

Hand class, 18.7, C.5

HashMap, B.4

Hello, World, 1.5

Holmes, Sherlock, 1.3.4

HTMLParser module, 19.11

hanging, A.2.2

hasattr function, 15.7, 17.10

hash function, 11.4, 11.9, B.4

hashable, 11.4, 11.9, 12.6

hashtable, 11, 11.9, B.4

header, 3.5, 3.15, A.1

help utility, 1.8

hexadecimal, 15.1

high-level language, 1.1, 1.7

histogram, 11.1, 11.1, 11.9
- random choice, 13.2, 13.7
- word frequencies, 13.3

homophone, 11.10

hyperlink, 19.11

hypotenuse, 6.2

Image module, 19.11

IndexError, 8.2, 8.11, 10.2, A.2.3

IOError, 14.5

IS-A relationship, 18.8, 18.11, C.5

identical, 10.14

identity, 10.10

if statement, 5.4

image viewer, 19.11

immutability, 8.5, 8.5, 8.12, 10.11, 11.4, 12.1, 12.8

implementation, 11.1, 11.9, 13.9, 17.11

import statement, 3.15, 4.1, 14.9

in operator, B.3

in operator, 8.9, 10.2, 11

increment, 7.2, 7.8, 16.3, 17.3

incremental development, 6.10, A.1

indentation, 3.5, 17.2, A.1

index, 8.1, 8.1, 8.11, 8.12, 10.2, 10.14, 11, A.2.3
- looping with, 9.4, 10.3
- negative, 8.2
- slice, 8.4, 10.5
- starting at zero, 8.1, 10.2

indexing, B.2

infinite loop, 7.3, 7.8, 19.1, A.2.2, A.2.2

infinite recursion, 5.10, 5.13, 6.8, A.2.2, A.2.2

information hiding, 17.11, 17.12

inheritance, 18.7, 18.11

init method, 17.5, 17.10, 18.1, 18.4, 18.7

initialization
- variable, 7.8

initialization (before update), 7.2

instance, 4.1, 4.11, 15.1, 15.8
- as argument, 15.2
- as return value, 15.4

instance attribute, 15.2, 15.8, 18.2, 18.11

instantiate, C.4

instantiation, 15.1

int function, 3.2

int type, 2.1

integer, 2.11
- long, 11.7

interactive mode, 1.1, 1.7, 2.6, 3.11

interface, 4.6, 4.10, 4.11, 17.11, 18.9

interlocking words, 10.15

interpret, 1.1, 1.7

invariant, 16.5, 16.6, 19.9

invert dictionary, 11.4

invocation, 8.8, 8.12

is operator, 10.10, 15.6

isinstance function, 6.8, 17.8

item, 8.12, 10.1
- Canvas, 19.3, 19.10
- dictionary, 11.9

item assignment, 8.5, 10.2, 12.1

item update, 10.3

items method, 12.6

iteration, 7.3, 7.8

in00, B.2

join method, 10.9, 18.5

Kangaroo class, 17.13

KeyError, 11, A.2.3

bisect00, B.4

Koch curve, 5.14

key, 11, 11.9

key-value pair, 11, 11.9, 12.6

keyboard input, 5.11

keys method, 11.2

keyword, 2.3, 2.3, 2.11, A.1
- def, 3.5
- elif, 5.6
- else, 5.5

keyword argument, 4.5, 4.11, 12.7, 19.2, 19.10

Label widget, 19.2

bisect010, B.4

Linux, 1.3.4

Lumpy, C, C

language
- formal, 1.4
- high-level, 1.1
- low-level, 1.1
- natural, 1.4
- programming, 1.1
- safe, 1.3.2
- Turing complete, 6.5

leading coefficient, B.1

leading term, B.1

leap of faith, 6.6

len function, 3.16, 8.2, 11

letter frequency, 12.11

letter rotation, 8.13, 11.10

linear growth, B.1

linear search, B.3

lipogram, 9.2

list, 10.1, 10.9, 10.14, 12.8
- as argument, 10.12
- comprehension, 10.7
- concatenation, 10.4, 10.12, 10.15
- copy, 10.5
- element, 10.2
- empty, 10.1
- function, 10.9
- index, 10.2
- membership, 10.2
- method, 10.6
- nested, 10.1, 10.3
- of objects, 18.4
- of tuples, 12.5
- operation, 10.4
- repetition, 10.4
- slice, 10.5
- traversal, 10.3, 10.14

list index, C.3

list methods, B.2

literalness, 1.4

local variable, 3.9, 3.15

log function, 3.3

logarithm, 13.12

logarithmic growth, B.1

logical operator, 5.2, 5.3

long integer, 11.7

lookup, 11.9

lookup, dictionary, 11.3

loop, 4.2, 4.11, 7.3, 12.5
- condition, A.2.2
- event, 19.1
- for, 4.2, 8.3, 10.3
- infinite, 7.3, 19.1, A.2.2
- nested, 18.4
- traversal, 8.3
- while, 7.3

looping
- with dictionaries, 11.2
- with indices, 9.4, 10.3
- with strings, 8.7

looping and counting, 8.7

low-level language, 1.1, 1.7

ls (Unix command), 14.8

Markov analysis, 13.8

Matplotlib, 13.12

McCloskey, Robert, 8.3

MD5 algorithm, 14.8

Menubutton widget, 19.7

Meyers, Chris, 0

Moby Project, 9.1

Monty Python and the Holy Grail, 16.2

MP3, 14.8

machine model, B

maintainable, 17.11

map pattern, 10.7, 10.14

map to, 18.1

mapping, 10.2, 10.14, 13.8

mash-up, 13.8

math function, 3.3

max function, 12.3, 12.4

md5, 14.8

md5sum, 14.8

membership
- binary search, 10.15
- bisection search, 10.15
- dictionary, 11
- list, 10.2
- set, 11

memo, 11.5, 11.9

mental model, A.3.1

metaphor, method invocation, 17.2

metathesis, 12.11

method, 8.8, 8.12, 17.1, 17.12
- __cmp__, 18.3
- __str__, 17.6, 18.5
- add, 17.7
- append, 10.6, 10.12, 18.4, 18.6
- close, 14.2, 14.6, 14.8
- config, 19.3
- count, 8.8
- extend, 10.6
- get, 11.1
- init, 17.5, 18.1, 18.4, 18.7
- items, 12.6
- join, 10.9, 18.5
- keys, 11.2
- mro, 18.9
- pop, 10.8, 18.6
- radd, 17.8
- read, 14.8
- readline, 9.1, 14.8
- remove, 10.8
- replace, 13.1
- setdefault, 11.4
- sort, 10.6, 10.13, 12.7, 18.6
- split, 10.9, 12.2
- string, 8.8
- strip, 9.1, 13.1
- translate, 13.1
- update, 12.6
- values, 11
- void, 10.6

method append, 10.15

method resolution order, 18.9

method syntax, 17.2

method, bound, 19.6

method, list, 10.6

min function, 12.3, 12.4

model, mental, A.3.1

modifier, 16.3, 16.6

module, 3.3, 3.15, 3.15
- anydbm, 14.6
- bisect, 10.15, B.3
- copy, 15.6
- datetime, 16.7
- Gui, 19.1
- HTMLParser, 19.11
- Image, 19.11
- os, 14.4
- pickle, 14.1, 14.7
- pprint, 11.8
- profile, 13.9
- random, 10.15, 12.7, 13.2, 18.6
- reload, 14.9, A.1.1
- shelve, 14.7
- string, 13.1
- structshape, 12.9
- time, 10.15
- urllib, 14.12, 19.11
- Visual, 17.13
- vpython, 17.13
- World, 15.9

module object, 3.3, 14.9

module, writing, 14.9

module-level variable, C.1

modulus operator, 5.1, 5.13

mro method, 18.9

multiline string, 4.9, A.1

multiple assignment, 7.1, 7.8, 11.6

multiplicity (in class diagram), 18.8, 18.11

mutability, 8.5, 10.2, 10.5, 10.11, 11.6, 12.1, 12.8, 15.5

mutable object, as default value, 17.13

NameError, 3.9, A.2.3

Newton’s method, 7.5

None special value, 3.11, 6.1, 6.10, 10.6, 10.8

natural language, 1.4, 1.7

negative index, 8.2

nested conditional, 5.7, 5.13

nested list, 10.1, 10.3, 10.14

newline, 5.11, 7.1, 18.5

not operator, 5.3

number, random, 13.2

Obama, Barack, B

Olin College, 0

OverflowError, 5.12

object, 8.5, 8.12, 10.10, 10.10, 10.14, 15.1
- Callable, 19.7
- Canvas, 15.9
- class, 15.1, 15.8, C.4
- copying, 15.6
- Event, 19.8
- embedded, 15.3, 15.8, 17.13
- file, 9.1, 9.6
- function, 3.5, 3.16, C.4
- module, 14.9
- mutable, 15.5
- printing, 17.2

object code, 1.1, 1.7

object diagram, 15.2, 15.3, 15.6, 15.8, 16.1, 18.2, C, C.3

object-oriented design, 17.11

object-oriented language, 17.12

object-oriented programming, 17.1, 17.12, 18.7

odometer, 9.7

open function, 9.1, 9.1, 14.2, 14.5, 14.6

operand, 2.4, 2.11

operator, 2.11
- and, 5.3
- bitwise, 2.4
- boolean, 8.9
- bracket, 8.1, 10.2, 12.1
- del, 10.8
- format, 14.3, 14.11, A.2.3
- in, 8.9, 10.2, 11
- is, 10.10, 15.6
- logical, 5.2, 5.3
- modulus, 5.1, 5.13
- not, 5.3
- or, 5.3
- overloading, 17.12
- relational, 5.2, 18.3
- slice, 8.4, 8.13, 10.5, 10.12, 12.1
- string, 2.8
- update, 10.7

operator overloading, 17.7, 18.3

operator, arithmetic, 2.4

option, 19.2, 19.10

optional argument, 8.8, 10.9, 11.3

optional parameter, 13.5, 17.5

or operator, 5.3

order of growth, B.1

order of operations, 2.7, 2.10, A.3.2

os module, 14.4

other (parameter name), 17.4

overloading, 17.12

override, 13.5, 13.11, 17.5, 18.3, 18.7, 18.9

PEMDAS, 2.7

PIL (Python Imaging Library), 19.11

Point class, 15.1, 17.5, C.3

Project Gutenberg, 13.1

Puzzler, 9.7, 9.7, 9.7, 11.10, 12.11

Pythagorean theorem, 6.2

Python 3, 1.5, 2.4, 5.11, 11.7, 12.5

Python debugger (pdb), A.2.3

Python Imaging Library (PIL), 19.11

package, 4.1

packing widgets, 19.6, 19.10

palindrome, 6.11, 8.13, 9.4, 9.7, 9.7

parameter, 3.8, 3.9, 3.15, 10.12
- gather, 12.4
- optional, 13.5, 17.5
- other, 17.4
- self, 17.2

parent class, 18.7, 18.7, 18.11

parentheses
- argument in, 3.1
- empty, 3.5, 8.8
- matching, 1.3.1
- overriding precedence, 2.7
- parameters in, 3.8, 3.9
- parent class in, 18.7
- tuples in, 12.1

parse, 1.4, 1.7

pass statement, 5.4

path, 14.4, 14.11
- absolute, 14.4
- relative, 14.4

pattern
- DSU, 12.7, 13.4
- decorate-sort-undecorate, 12.7
- filter, 10.7, 10.14
- guardian, 6.8, 6.10, 8.11
- map, 10.7, 10.14
- reduce, 10.7, 10.14
- search, 8.6, 8.12, 9.3, 11.3
- swap, 12.2

pdb (Python debugger), A.2.3

permission, file, 14.5

persistence, 14.1, 14.11

pi, 3.3, 7.9

pickle module, 14.1, 14.7

pickling, 14.7

pie, 4.12

pipe, 14.8

pixel coordinate, 19.8

plain text, 9.1, 13.1, 19.11

planned development, 16.4, 16.6

playing card, Anglo-American, 18

poetry, 1.4

point, mathematical, 15.1

poker, 18, 18.12

polygon function, 4.3

polymorphism, 17.9, 17.12, 18.9

pop method, 10.8, 18.6

popen function, 14.8

portability, 1.1, 1.7

postcondition, 4.10, 6.9, 18.9

pprint module, 11.8

practical analysis of algorithms, B.1

precedence, 2.11, A.3.2

precondition, 4.10, 4.11, 4.11, 6.9, 10.15, 18.9

prefix, 13.8

pretty print, 11.8

print function, 1.5

print statement, 1.5, 1.7, 17.6, A.2.4

problem recognition, 9.3, 9.4, 9.6

problem solving, 1, 1.7

profile module, 13.9

program, 1.2, 1.7

program testing, 9.5

programming language, 1.1

prompt, 1.1, 1.7, 5.11

prose, 1.4

prototype and patch, 16.2, 16.4, 16.6

pseudorandom, 13.2, 13.11

pure function, 16.2, 16.6

python.org, 1.8

quadratic growth, B.1

quotation mark, 1.5, 2.1, 2.1, 4.9, 8.4, A.1

Ramanujan, Srinivasa, 7.9

Rectangle class, 15.3, C.3

RSA algorithm, 11.7

RuntimeError, 5.10, 6.8

radd method, 17.8

radian, 3.3

radix sort, B

rage, A.3.4

raise statement, 11.3, 16.5

randint function, 10.15, 13.2

random function, 12.7, 13.2

random module, 10.15, 12.7, 13.2, 18.6

random number, 13.2

random text, 13.8

random walk programming, 13.10, A.3.4

rank, 18.1

raw_input function, 5.11

read method, 14.8

readline method, 9.1, 14.8

recursion, 5.8, 5.8, 5.13, 6.5, 6.6, C.2
- base case, 5.9
- infinite, 5.10, 6.8, A.2.2

recursive definition, 6.5, 12.11

red-black tree, B.4

reduce pattern, 10.7, 10.14

reducible word, 11.10, 12.11

redundancy, 1.4

refactoring, 4.7, 4.7, 4.11, 18.10

reference, 10.11, 10.12, 10.14
- aliasing, 10.11

rehashing, B.4

relational operator, 5.2, 18.3

relative path, 14.4, 14.11

reload function, 14.9, A.1.1

remove method, 10.8

repetition, 4.2
- list, 10.4

replace method, 13.1

repr function, 14.10

representation, 15.1, 15.3, 18.1

return statement, 5.8, 6.1, A.3.3

return value, 3.1, 3.15, 6.1, 15.4
- tuple, 12.3

reverse lookup, dictionary, 11.3, 11.9

reverse word pair, 10.15

reversed function, 12.8

rotation
- letters, 11.10

rotation, letter, 8.13

rules of precedence, 2.7, 2.11

running pace, 1.8, 2.12, 16.7

runtime error, 1.3.2, 2.10, 5.10, 5.12, A, A.2.3

Schmidt, Eric, B

Scrabble, 12.11

SimpleTurtleWorld class, 19.6

SVG, 19.11

Swampy, 4.1, 15.9, 18.12, 19.1, C

SyntaxError, 3.4

safe language, 1.3.2

sanity check, 11.8

scaffolding, 6.2, 6.10, 11.8

scatter, 12.4, 12.10

script, 1.1, 1.7

script mode, 1.1, 1.7, 2.6, 3.11

search, 11.3, B.3

search pattern, 8.6, 8.12, 9.3

search, binary, 10.15

search, bisection, 10.15

secret exercise, 14.12

self (parameter name), 17.2

semantic error, 1.3.3, 1.7, 2.1, 2.10, 8.11, A, A.3

semantics, 1.3.3, 1.7, 17.1

sequence, 8.1, 8.12, 10.1, 10.9, 12.1, 12.8
- coordinate, 19.4

set, 13.6
- anagram, 12.11, 14.7

set membership, 11

setdefault method, 11.4

sexagesimal, 16.4

shallow copy, 15.6, 15.8, C.3

shape, 12.10

shape error, 12.9

shell, 14.8

shelve module, 14.7

shuffle function, 18.6

sine function, 3.3

singleton, 11.4, 11.9, 12.1

slice, 8.12
- copy, 8.4, 10.5
- list, 10.5
- string, 8.4
- tuple, 12.1
- update, 10.5

slice operator, 8.4, 8.13, 10.5, 10.12, 12.1

sort method, 10.6, 10.13, 12.7, 18.6

sorted function, 12.8

sorting, B.2, B.2

source code, 1.1, 1.7

special case, 9.5, 9.6, 16.3

special value
- False, 5.2
- None, 3.11, 6.1, 6.10, 10.6, 10.8
- True, 5.2

spiral, 4.12

split method, 10.9, 12.2

sqrt, 6.2

sqrt function, 3.3

square root, 7.5

squiggly bracket, 11

stable sort, B.2

stack diagram, 3.10, 3.10, 3.15, 4.12, 5.9, 6.5, 6.11, 10.12, C, C.2

state diagram, 2.2, 2.11, 7.1, 8.11, 10.2, 10.10, 10.11, 11.4, 12.6, 15.2, 15.3, 15.6, 16.1, 18.2, C, C.1

statement, 2.11
- assert, 16.5
- assignment, 2.2, 7.1
- break, 7.4
- compound, 5.4
- conditional, 5.4, 5.13, 6.4
- for, 4.2, 8.3, 10.3
- global, 11.6
- if, 5.4
- import, 3.15, 4.1, 14.9
- pass, 5.4
- print, 1.5, 1.7, 17.6, A.2.4
- raise, 11.3, 16.5
- return, 5.8, 6.1, A.3.3
- try, 14.5
- while, 7.3

step size, 8.13

str function, 3.2

__str__ method, 17.6, 18.5

string, 2.1, 2.11, 10.9, 12.8
- accumulator, 18.5
- comparison, 8.10
- empty, 10.9
- immutable, 8.5
- method, 8.8
- multiline, 4.9, A.1
- operation, 2.8
- slice, 8.4
- triple-quoted, 4.9

string concatenation, B.2

string method, 8.8

string methods, B.2

string module, 13.1

string representation, 14.10, 17.6

string type, 2.1

strip method, 9.1, 13.1

structshape module, 12.9

structure, 1.4

subclass, 18.7

subject, 17.2, 17.12, 19.6

subtraction
- dictionary, 13.6
- with borrowing, 7.6

subtraction with borrowing, 16.4

suffix, 13.8

suit, 18.1

sum function, 12.4

superclass, 18.7

superstitious debugging, A.3.4

swap pattern, 12.2

syntax, 1.3.1, 1.3.1, 1.7, 17.1, A.1

syntax error, 1.3.1, 1.7, 2.10, A

Tagger, 18.12

Text widget, 19.5

Time class, 16.1

Tkinter, 19.1

True special value, 5.2

Turing complete language, 6.5

Turing Thesis, 6.5

Turing, Alan, 6.5

TurtleWorld, 4.1, 5.14, 18.12

TypeError, 8.1, 8.5, 11.4, 12.1, 12.4, 14.3, 17.3, A.2.3

temporary variable, 6.1, 6.10, A.3.2

test case, minimal, A.2.4

testing
- and absence of bugs, 9.5
- incremental development, 6.2
- interactive mode, 1.1
- is hard, 9.5
- knowing the answer, 6.2
- leap of faith, 6.6
- minimal test case, A.2.4

text
- plain, 9.1, 13.1, 19.11
- random, 13.8

text file, 14.11

time module, 10.15

token, 1.4, 1.7

traceback, 3.10, 3.15, 5.10, 5.12, 11.3, A.2.3

translate method, 13.1

traversal, 8.3, 8.3, 8.6, 8.11, 8.12, 9.3, 9.3, 10.7, 10.14, 11.1, 11.2, 12.5, 12.5, 12.7, 13.3
- dictionary, 17.10
- list, 10.3

traverse
- dictionary, 12.6

triangle, 5.14

trigonometric function, 3.3

triple-quoted string, 4.9

try statement, 14.5

tuple, 12.1, 12.3, 12.8, 12.10
- as key in dictionary, 12.6, 13.9
- assignment, 12.2
- comparison, 12.7, 18.3
- in brackets, 12.6
- singleton, 12.1
- slice, 12.1

tuple assignment, 12.3, 12.5, 12.10

tuple function, 12.1

tuple methods, B.2

turtle typewriter, 4.12

type, 2.1, 2.1, 2.11
- bool, 5.2
- dict, 11
- file, 14.1
- float, 2.1
- int, 2.1
- list, 10.1
- long, 11.7
- set, 13.6
- str, 2.1
- tuple, 12.1
- user-defined, 15.1, 16.1

type checking, 6.8

type conversion, 3.2

type function, 15.7

type-based dispatch, 17.8, 17.9, 17.12

typewriter, turtle, 4.12

typographical error, 13.10

UML, C, C.5

UnboundLocalError, 11.6

Unified Modeling Language, C

Unix command
- ls, 14.8

URL, 14.12, 19.11

unbounded, B.1

underscore character, 2.3

uniqueness, 10.15

update, 7.2, 7.5, 7.8
- coordinate, 19.8
- database, 14.6
- global variable, 11.6
- histogram, 13.3
- item, 10.3
- slice, 10.5

update method, 12.6

update operator, 10.7

urllib module, 14.12, 19.11

use before def, 2.10, 3.6

user-defined type, 15.1, 16.1

ValueError, 5.11, 11.3, 12.2

Visual module, 17.13

value, 2.1, 2.11, 10.10, 10.10, 11.9
- default, 13.5
- tuple, 12.3

values method, 11

variable, 2.2, 2.11
- global, 11.6, C.1
- local, 3.9
- module-level, C.1
- temporary, 6.1, 6.10, A.3.2
- updating, 7.2

variable-length argument tuple, 12.4

vector graphics, 19.11

veneer, 18.6, 18.11

void function, 3.11, 3.15

void method, 10.6

vorpal, 6.5

vpython module, 17.13

World module, 15.9

walk, directory, 14.4

while loop, 7.3

whitespace, 3.14, 5.12, 9.1, 14.10, A.1

widget, 19.1, 19.10
- Button, 19.2
- Canvas, 19.3
- Entry, 19.5
- Frame, 19.6
- Label, 19.2
- Menubutton, 19.7
- Text, 19.5

widget, packing, 19.6

word count, 14.9

word frequency, 13.1, 13.12

word, reducible, 11.10, 12.11

working directory, 14.4

worst bug, 17.13
- ever, 19.11

worst case, B

Zipf’s law, 13.12

zero, index starting at, 8.1, 10.2

zip function, 12.5
- use with dict, 12.6

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